Dollar Slumps to Record on China's Plans to Diversify Reserves
By Agnes Lovasz and Stanley White
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Nov. 7 (Bloomberg) -- The dollar fell the most since September against the currencies of its six biggest trading partners after Chinese officials signaled plans to diversify the nation's $1.43 trillion of foreign exchange reserves.
The New York Board of Trade's dollar index dropped to 75.21 today, the lowest since the gauge started in March 1973. The U.S. currency declined more than 1 percent against the euro, yen, Canadian dollar and Swiss franc, and almost as much against the British pound and the Swedish krona, the basket's components.
``The main reason for the very sharp move is the comment that China could further diversify out of dollar holdings,'' said Teis Knuthsen, the Copenhagen-based head of foreign-exchange, fixed-income and derivative research at Danske Bank A/S, the Nordic region's second-biggest lender. ``Further weakening of the dollar is very likely.''
The U.S. currency slumped to $1.4704 per euro, the lowest since the 13-nation currency debuted in January 1999, before trading at $1.4666 as of 6:13 a.m. in New York, from $1.4557 late yesterday. The dollar dropped the most in two months against the yen, trading as low as 113.32 yen. The euro fell against the yen to 166.21 yen, from 166.99 yesterday.
The dollar extended its decline against the euro after dropping through a key level where traders had placed orders to sell.
``We will favor stronger currencies over weaker ones, and will readjust accordingly,'' Cheng Siwei, vice chairman of China's National People's Congress, told a conference in Beijing. The dollar is ``losing its status as the world currency,'' Xu Jian, a central bank vice director, said at the same meeting.
Worst Peformer
The dollar fell against all 16 of the most-active currencies, declining to the weakest versus the Canadian dollar since the end of a fixed exchange rate in 1950, a 26-year low against the pound and a 23-year low versus the Australian dollar.
The dollar also fell to an all-time low against the synthetic euro, a theoretical value that estimates where the currency would have traded before its inception. The prior record was $1.4557 set in 1992.
The U.S. currency may weaken to between $1.48 and $1.50 against the euro by year-end, Knuthsen said.
Chinese investors have reduced their holdings of U.S. Treasuries by 5 percent to $400 billion in the five months to August. China Investment Corp., which manages the nation's $200 billion sovereign wealth fund, said last month it may get more of the nation's reserves to invest to improve returns.
Treasuries Rise
U.S. 10-year Treasury notes rose today on speculation a two- day increase in yields will attract investors at a $13 billion sale of the securities today.
``The world's currency structure has changed; the dollar is losing its status as the world currency,'' Xu from the People's Bank of China said at the conference. Cheng, speaking to reporters after his speech, said his comments don't mean China will buy more euros. The National People's Congress, China's legislature, isn't involved in setting currency policy.
``Cheng has a history of speaking out on a range of financial market and economic developments, and his comments are not always accurate,'' said Glenn Maguire, chief Asia economist at Societe Generale SA in Hong Kong.
Cheng's remarks on Jan. 30 that China's stock rally was a ``bubble'' caused the benchmark index to fall the most in almost two years on Jan. 31. The Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index, then over 2,500 points, has since climbed above 5,300.
The euro's gains may be limited by speculation European economic growth may slow, reducing the need for higher interest rates.
ECB Rates
The European Central Bank will keep its key rate at 4 percent tomorrow, according to all 61 economists surveyed by Bloomberg News. Data yesterday showed manufacturing orders in Germany fell more than expected in September.
``The euro is clearly overvalued against the dollar,'' Emanuele Ravano, co-head of European strategy for Pacific Investment Management Co., said late yesterday in Brussels. The European Central Bank ``over the course of 2008 will totally change its tune'' by cutting in the second half.
Europe's single currency will trade at $1.43 versus the dollar by year-end, according to the median forecast of 42 analysts and brokerages surveyed by Bloomberg News.
The dollar's decline helped drive the price of crude oil to a record $98 a barrel and gold to a 27-year high, encouraging investors to buy assets in commodity-producing nations.
Commodity Currencies
Commodity currencies led the gains today. The pound rose to $2.1052, the highest since May 1981. The Canadian dollar advanced to $1.1040. The Australian dollar gained to 93.98 U.S. cents, the highest since April 1984, from 92.87 U.S. cents. The rand rose to as high as 6.4294 per dollar, the highest since May 2006.
The dollar's 9.8 percent drop against the euro this year boosted the competitiveness of U.S. exports, helping shrink the nation's trade deficit to $57.6 billion in August, the smallest since January.
French President Nicolas Sarkozy yesterday brought his concerns to the U.S., saying ``you don't need too weak a dollar'' to spur growth in the world's largest economy.
``This is an asset story and shows sentiment for the dollar continues to be quite negative,'' said David Forrester, currency economist at Barclays Capital in Singapore.
The Australian dollar gained after the country's central bank raised its benchmark borrowing cost to 6.75 percent today. Governor Glenn Stevens, announcing today's quarter-point rate increase, said inflation will exceed his target.
Pressure on Fed
The dollar fell against the Norwegian krone as traders added to bets Norway's central bank will increase its 5 percent deposit rate. It declined to 5.2811 kroner, from 5.3474. The dollar also fell as losses from subprime-mortgage defaults added to pressure on the Federal Reserve to lower its target for the overnight lending rate between banks to 4.25 percent next month.
``The interest-rate outlook is dragging down the dollar against major currencies such as the euro and the Australian dollar,'' said Seiichiro Muta, director of foreign exchange in Tokyo at UBS AG, the world's second-largest currency trader. ``I cannot see the bottom of the dollar depreciation yet.''
Interest-rate futures traded on the Chicago Board of Trade show a 62 percent chance of a quarter-percentage point Fed rate cut on Dec. 11, compared with 6 percent a month ago. Citigroup Inc. may write down an additional $2.7 billion worth of subprime- related assets, CreditSights Inc. said yesterday.
New Zealand's dollar rose to 78.35 U.S. cents from 78 U.S. cents on speculation a report tomorrow will show the unemployment rate remained at a record low, boosting the chance of another increase to the country's record 8.25 percent benchmark interest rate.
``The dollar is weak against a host of currencies, including the euro, the pound and the Australian dollar,'' said Mitsuru Sahara, senior currency sales manager at Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd., a unit of Japan's biggest publicly traded lender. ``We can't tell how much money banks will lose on subprime loans. The Fed is likely to cut rates again before the end of the year.''
To contact the reporters on this story: Agnes Lovasz in London at
[email protected] ; Stanley White in Tokyo at
[email protected]